Desmedipham: Selective Post-Emergence Herbicide for Broadleaf Weeds
Technical Introduction
Desmedipham is a carbamate-class herbicide widely used for post-emergence control of broadleaf weeds in sugar beet cultivation. It is absorbed primarily through the leaves and acts quickly to inhibit photosynthesis, leading to weed necrosis.
Mode of Action (MOA): Inhibits photosystem II (PSII) electron transport, causing accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and destruction of cell membranes.
Selectivity: Sugar beet tolerates Desmedipham due to its ability to metabolize the herbicide into non-toxic compounds.
Formulations: Available as 96% TC, 50% SC, or 50% EC. Often used in combination with Phenmedipham for broader efficacy.
Applications
Crops:
Primarily sugar beet
Occasionally used in carrot and onion weed management in some regions.
Weeds Controlled:
Annual broadleaf weeds: Amaranthus spp., Chenopodium album, Polygonum spp., Stellaria media, Capsella bursa-pastoris.
Less effective against grasses.
Application Timing:
Applied post-emergence when weeds are 2–6 leaf stage.
Can be used in split applications for better crop safety and efficacy.
Advantages
Highly Effective: Rapidly controls a wide range of broadleaf weeds in sugar beet.
Crop Selectivity: Safe for sugar beet when used at recommended doses.
Combination Use: Often mixed with Phenmedipham, Ethofumesate, or Metamitron for enhanced weed spectrum.
Fast Action: Weed injury visible in 3–5 days, complete control in 7–10 days.
Flexibility: Compatible with tank mixes for integrated weed management.
Specifications (Typical Parameters)
| Parameter | Description | Typical Value |
|---|---|---|
| Common Name | Desmedipham | |
| Chemical Class | Carbamate herbicide (PSII inhibitor) | |
| Chemical Formula | C₁₁H₁₂NO₃ | |
| Molecular Weight | ~206.21 g/mol | |
| Appearance | White to light yellow crystalline solid | |
| Purity (TC) | ≥ 96% | |
| Common Formulations | 96% TC, 50% SC, 50% EC | |
| Application Rate | 0.5 – 1.0 kg a.i./ha | |
| Mode of Action | PSII inhibition → ROS accumulation → cell damage | |
| Persistence | 1–3 weeks in soil depending on conditions | |
| Toxicity | Oral LD₅₀ (rat) > 2,000 mg/kg (low) |
FAQ
Q1: Can Desmedipham be mixed with other herbicides?
A: Yes, commonly combined with Phenmedipham to broaden spectrum and with Ethofumesate for residual weed control.
Q2: How soon does it act on weeds?
A: Symptoms appear within 3–5 days, with full weed death in 7–10 days.
Q3: Is it safe for sugar beet?
A: Yes, sugar beet tolerates it well when applied according to recommended doses and timing.
Q4: Does it control grassy weeds?
A: No, Desmedipham is selective for broadleaf weeds; separate herbicides are needed for grasses.
Q5: Is resistance an issue?
A: Resistance in weeds is uncommon but may occur in Amaranthus spp. with repeated use. Rotation with other MOAs is recommended.
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