Buprofezin (a thiadiazine-class insect growth regulator) has maintained global relevance due to its:
Unmatched efficiency against nymphal stages of hoppers/whiteflies
Minimal ecological disruption (LD50 >5,000 mg/kg for mammals)
Cost-effectiveness at $12–18/ha versus alternatives like flonicamid
The 3-System Rotation™ adopted by IRAC in 2024:
Buprofezin (Group 16) → 2. Spirotetramat (Group 23) → 3. Afidopyropen (Group 9D)
Field trials show 82% efficacy retention vs. mono-use systems
Banned in EU since 2023 (persistent metabolite TP-303)
US EPA 2025 Special Local Need labels for California citrus
China's new 14-day PHI for tea plantations
Q: How does 2025's El Niño affect application?
Delay sprays if >35°C – volatilization losses exceed 30%.
Q: Best tank-mix partners for orchards?
Hexythiazox (miticide) + potassium silicate (anti-feeding adjuvant)
Q: Organic alternative with similar action?
Azadirachtin (neem) + diatomaceous earth (physical barrier)